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Electrical wire insulation resists the flow of electrical charge, thus preventing the loss of electric current and creating a safe vehicle for the flow of electricity. There are a number of materials ...

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Ceramic
Ceramic's insulating properties possess high temperature applications and are formed using inorganic metallic and nonmetallic materials. Lead is used in the
manufacture of ceramic because it lowers its firing temperature and promotes bonding, or sintering -- a process that causes particles to cling to each other.
Ceramic can be bulky and difficult to handle.
Porcelain
Porcelain insulating material effectively resists damage by electrical discharges, chemicals and weather. Its heavy, shatter-prone consistency makes it
subject to vandalism, rough handling and flashover -- an unintended electric discharge over and around its surface where temperatures are extremely hot.
Glass Vs. Composite
Composite insulating material is replacing glass due to the weight and fragile composition of glass, as well as the composite material's high ability to
insulate in extremely contaminated environments. Composites consist of polymers and many have applications in high voltage situations.